Chapter 2

Life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW): Pre-Islamic Era

Introduction

Welcome to Chapter 2 of Islamiat for Class 8. In this chapter, we will delve into the life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) before the advent of Islam, exploring the societal and historical context of the pre-Islamic era.

Pre-Islamic Arabia

Historical Background

Pre-Islamic Arabia refers to the period before the advent of Islam in the 7th century CE. It was characterized by tribal societies, polytheism, idol worship, and social injustices.

Society and Culture

Tribal Structure

Arabian society was organized into tribes, each with its own customs, alliances, and rivalries. Tribal loyalty was paramount, often overshadowing loyalty to a central authority.

Religion

Polytheism was prevalent among the Arabs, with numerous deities worshipped at local shrines and idols. The Kaaba in Mecca was a center of pilgrimage and housed many idols.

Social Practices

Pre-Islamic society had customs such as female infanticide, blood feuds, and unequal treatment of women. Slavery was also widespread.

Life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) in Mecca

Early Life

Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was born in Mecca around 570 CE to the Quraysh tribe. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his grandfather and later his uncle.

Prophethood

At the age of 40, Prophet Muhammad (SAW) received his first revelation from Allah through the Angel Gabriel in the Cave of Hira. This marked the beginning of his prophethood and the call to monotheism.

Challenges and Opposition

Prophet Muhammad (SAW) faced opposition from the Quraysh leaders and the broader Meccan society. His message of monotheism challenged the established polytheistic beliefs and practices.

Conclusion

In this chapter, we have explored the pre-Islamic era in Arabia and the early life of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) in Mecca. Understanding this historical context is essential to appreciate the challenges and circumstances that shaped the early spread of Islam. Prophet Muhammad’s (SAW) life before prophethood demonstrates his character, resilience, and commitment to monotheism despite adversity.

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