Chapter 2

2.1 Introduction

Welcome to Chapter 2 of Islamiat for Class 7. In this chapter, we will explore the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the final messenger of Allah (God) to humanity.

2.2 Early Life of Prophet Muhammad

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was born in Mecca in the year 570 CE. He belonged to the noble Quraysh tribe and was known for his honesty, integrity, and wisdom even before receiving the divine revelation.

2.3 Prophethood and Revelation

At the age of 40, while meditating in the Cave of Hira, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) received the first revelation from Allah through the Angel Gabriel. This event marked the beginning of his prophethood and the revelation of the Qur'an, the holy scripture of Islam.

2.4 Teachings and Mission

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) spent the next 23 years of his life spreading the message of Islam, emphasizing monotheism, social justice, compassion, and the importance of good character. His teachings covered every aspect of life, providing guidance on personal conduct, family life, governance, and relations with others.

2.5 Hijra (Migration) to Medina

Facing persecution in Mecca, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his followers migrated to Medina in 622 CE. This event, known as the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar and symbolizes resilience and faith in Allah's plan.

2.6 Establishment of the Islamic State

In Medina, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) established the first Islamic state based on justice, equality, and religious tolerance. His leadership transformed society, promoting unity among diverse tribes and communities.

2.7 Farewell Pilgrimage and Passing

In the year 632 CE, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) performed his farewell pilgrimage to Mecca, where he delivered his final sermon, emphasizing equality, human rights, and the sanctity of life. He passed away shortly after, leaving behind a legacy of peace, compassion, and devotion to Allah.

Conclusion

The life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) serves as a timeless example of piety, perseverance, and dedication to spreading the message of Islam. Studying his life provides valuable insights into the principles and values that continue to guide Muslims worldwide.

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